The design process for anything begins with identifying the client or users and their needs, their budget and other factors that vary in each unique design profession and project. 
In Architectural Design, this starts with listing every detail of each room or space needed by your client and its specific function(s). This design program or checklist, will then be used to select a site (piece of property) based on the information and criteria outlined in your client program. 
In addition to the design program, and your clients interior & exterior space needs including driveways, decks, landscaping, hardscape etc.
the main consideration for selecting a site, is the property's orientation to the sun. Other features, both natural and man made are also considered such as location of existing, if any, power, water and sewer lines, setbacks limits, large trees or rocks, neighboring structures, views and the topography of the site. This will be discussed further in class and you should be ready to take notes you can refer to during the design process.